# Pressure-loading experiments — section 2

## Loading without destroying the sample
Pages: Pressure report · pp. 24–27

Developed a high-temperature “elastic loading” procedure to reduce deformation as palladium absorbed deuterium and expanded.

## UltraSorb: measuring absorbed gas
Pages: Pressure report · pp. 36–51

Developed a calibrated gas-measurement system to determine how much hydrogen or deuterium entered the sample.

## MicroSorb: weighing the loaded sample
Pages: Pressure report · pp. 51–55

Sealed loaded samples inside microcapsules and weighed them, accounting for trapped free gas and buoyancy.

## Tracking loading during an experiment
Pages: Pressure report · pp. 28–36

Calibrated changes in strain, electrical resistance, and optical reflectance against loading, enabling measurements without removing the sample.

## Full loading at cryogenic temperatures
Pages: Pressure report · pp. 55–57

In BE3270, modifying the sample shortened diffusion paths. MicroSorb measured 99–100% loading at 150 ksi and −100 °C.

## Separating loading from pressure effects
Pages: Pressure report · pp. 57–60

Nitrogen controls and gas mixtures distinguished resistance changes caused by compression from those caused by loading. The results supported full room-temperature PdD loading above approximately 450 ksi.

## Combining pressure with electrochemistry
Pages: Pressure report · pp. 208–214

A separate approach reached approximately 97% D/Pd at 110 ksi without loading enhancers. Further pressure increases showed diminishing returns near 98%.